Abstract

Introduction: Emergency medicine is a dynamic specialty that presents a wide range of medical cases and situations. Emergency medicine doctors treat patients from all age groups and with a large spectrum of physical and mental disorders. Emergency medicine is the specialty of treating illnesses or injuries requiring immediate medical attention.
Emergency medicine doctors assess and treat patients in the emergency department, regardless of the type of illness or injury. Their primary focus is to stabilize patients as quickly as possible and to determine the best next steps for treating many patients simultaneously, with patients with life-threatening conditions as the main priority.
Emergency physicians treat a wide range of medical conditions across all age groups, including cardiology, neurology, pulmonology, nephrology, endocrinology, hematology, gastrointestinal, orthopedics, gynecology-obstetrics, dermatology, psychiatry, trauma, and accidental conditions.  Efforts should be made to reduce ED accumulation with a solid organizational culture; rather than adopting “generic” approaches, interventions should be selected and implemented to address the unique challenges of each hospital’s ED.
Emergency medicine can potentially improve patient care and outcomes; however, establishing evidence-based protocols and a multidisciplinary approach to patient management are essential. Creating long-term health policies to regulate the referral system through the national plan and document would govern the three levels of health care, thereby preventing hospital ED overcrowding.

Keywords: Emergency Department (ED), health policy. overcrowding; improvement, emergency medicine